Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Sleep Quality, Academic Hope, Students' Anxiety with Online Gambling Disorder without Comorbidity of ADHD Disorder

Introduction & Objective: Throughout human history, there have been structured games among all cultures. Playing can be enjoyable, fun, and relaxing and can be used as a way to escape from everyday life. In addition to being a fun pastime, gaming is a social activity in which people with common interests interact with each other. With the popularity of computers, tablets, and smartphones and the use of the Internet in recent years, playing online and offline games has become a common activity, especially for young people, and increasingly, as an important part of recreational activities. Has become. Over the past decade, the video game industry has grown by 93 $  billion worldwide. According to the International Telecommunication :union:, Internet use in developed countries has grown by 239 percent over the decade. Numerous studies show that in parallel with the spread of the Internet, overuse of it can lead to problems such as addiction and dependence, so that even Internet addiction is defined as a 21st-century epidemic. , With an estimated prevalence ranging from 0.3% in the US to 18.3% in the UK. Online games are a type of Internet games that have become widespread due to increasing people's familiarity with the Internet, especially the youth, increasing the speed of the Internet, as well as the existence of high-speed and wireless connections. Addiction to online games is considered obsessive, extreme, uncontrollable, and physically and mentally destructive. Therefore, addiction to these games can be defined as: Extreme and impulsive use of online games, in a way that leads to social and emotional problems, and despite these problems, a person can not control his extreme use of the game Slowly Internet addiction is an impulse control disorder characterized by overuse of the Internet, which is associated with significant functional impairment, anxiety, depression, and other symptoms of psychiatric pathology. Internet addiction is sometimes associated with suicide, even after modulating potentially disturbing variables such as depression. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a developmental neurological disorder that has three main characteristics: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Hyperactivity Disorder, and Impulsivity. People with ADHD have abnormalities in parts of themselves. For example, in the brains of these children, the network apparatus involved in the functioning of attention and consciousness does not function properly (Wilms, Robertson, Sikirika, & Harper, 2015). These children also have problems with the cerebellum and forehead, especially the forehead, which are involved in planning, organizing, decision-making, time perception, memory, inhibition, and thinking. The main symptoms that characterize Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder consist of two lists. The first list includes symptoms of attention deficit, poor concentration, and confusion, and the second list includes symptoms of hyperactivity and behavioral impulsivity. These symptoms are further explained below. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy: This follows a pattern of health, not illness, and assumes that human psychological problems are related to unhappiness and emotional disorders caused by language, thus helping human beings cope with Cognitive and emotional problems mainly work on language. The ACT psychopathology model reflects processes that lead to inefficient solutions to clients 'problems and limit clients' behavioral storage. These six areas can be identified as processes that are accompanied by psychological inflexibility. The effectiveness of teaching the theory of self-determination and treatment based on acceptance and commitment on sleep quality, academic achievement, anxiety, and cyberbullying in students with internet game disorder, with and without comorbidity of ADHD in Khorramabad, in 2020 became necessary.   Method: The statistical population was students with internet game disorder in Khorramabad city. The sample size is 42 people (14 people for each of the experimental and control groups) so that each group consists of an equal number of students with internet game disorder with and without comorbidity of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Therapeutic intervention sessions were performed in 9 sessions of two hours and one session per week. To measure the research variables, questionnaires of Internet Gambling Disorder -20 test, mental health assessment of children and adolescents aged 6 to 14 years (CSI-4), Petersburg quality of sleep (PSQI), academic hope scale (date and waist), and Beck anxiety (1988) and an acceptance and commitment-based treatment package were used.   Results: The results show that the univariate test is significant for each of the dependent variables in both post-test and follow-up stages (P <0.01). Also, the univariate test is significant only for dependent variables of academic achievement (P <0.05). And is not significant for other variables (P <0.05).   Conclusion: The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on sleep quality, academic hope, anxiety, and cyberbullying of students with internet gambling disorder has an effect and this effect persists over time. In explaining the present study, it can be said that the results of this study are consistent with the mentioned studies, meaning that the ACT treatment approach has an effect on the dependent variables and this effectiveness has continued and shows that the treatment is based It is an effective treatment approach for acceptance and commitment for different types of behavioral, psychological, mental, mood disorders, etc. Obviously, it is moderated by the individual's relationship to these experiences. Therefore, these people are taught that to the extent that they can accept and tolerate their experiences, they can act independently of the experiences. Those who practice mindfulness and learn to deliberately observe and accept their emotional states, this enable them to overcome the constant (habitual) tendencies and tendencies that are seen as rumination. (Brown, Goodman Inerlicht, 2013). According to the results of the present study, it can be said that acceptance and commitment-based therapeutic education can reduce the symptoms of Internet gambling disorder and reduce the severity of dependence and thus the desire for treatment in a positive way. , Be effective. Therefore, by teaching these ACT skills, an effective step can be taken to treat students with internet game disorder with and without co-occurrence with ADHD. Acceptance and commitment therapy affect the quality of sleep and this effect persists over time. In the explanation of the present study, it should be said that according to Table 4-12, the treatment based on acceptance and commitment on the quality of sleep of students with internet game disorder is effective and this effectiveness has continued in a one-month follow-up period. Explaining the results of the present study, it should be said that the therapeutic approach based on acceptance and commitment of ACT is effective on students' academic achievement with internet gambling disorder and this effectiveness has continued in a one-month follow-up period. Acceptance and commitment therapy has an effect on anxiety and this effect has persisted over time. According to the present study, Mohammadi, Salehzadeh, Nasirian (2015), in a study showed that the treatment method based on acceptance and commitment has a positive and significant effect on reducing self-blame, mental rumination, catastrophic perception, and blame of others. Improved emotion regulation of the tested group.